E., Vine’s Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words, (Grand Rapids, MI: Fleming H. Sheol “The Hebrew word Sheol is probably derived from a root “to make hollow,” and was seen as the common receptacle of the dead and in the great many places the word appears in the OT, it is referring to the grave. In particular, in the account of Lazarus and the Rich man of (Luke 16:19-31), it is the place of the conscious dead who are wicked.
It was divided into two departments, paradise or Abraham’s bosom for the good, and Gehenna or hell for the bad.” 2 Unger, Merrill F., Unger’s Bible Dictionary, (Chicago: Moody Press), 1966, p.
It was probably the “subterranean abode of all the dead until the judgment. The other six occur in Acts 2:27, 31 Rev. Hades This word only occurs in the NT ten times and corresponds to the OT word “sheol.” Jesus uses the word four times: Matt. In the NT, “gehenna” is used of a condition and never of a place.
The word ‘gehenna’ is found in the NT 12 times and every instance is spoken of by Jesus. This is probably why in the NT the word came to be associated with destruction by fire. 1 Achtemeier, Paul J., Harper’s Bible Dictionary, (San Francisco: Harper and Row, Publishers, Inc.) 1985. This place was once “called ‘Topheth’ and derived from an Aramaic word meaning ‘fireplace.’ It was here that some pagan kings practiced human sacrifice by fire (2 Chron. Gehenna In the OT the word for hell is ‘ge-hinnom,’ meaning “Valley of Hinnom.” It was a place to the southwest of Jerusalem. Whichever it is, hell is the total absence of the favor of God. Others say it is an endless agonizing punishment in fire. Others say it is a place of correction and punishment that is not eternal. Some say it is only the grave with no consciousness. But even the doctrine of hell is not without its controversy. Whatever the context, whatever the belief, hell is definitely taught in the Bible. Even Hollywood has made it the subject of many movies. Western culture is very familiar with the concept. Throughout history, many authors have written about it – Dante’s Inferno, for example. We hear stories of hell being a place of fire, demons, and endless torment. Hell is one of those subjects that makes people uncomfortable.
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